Friday, August 21, 2020

Sammy will definitely feel this event all his life

The fundamental plot of John Updike’s An and P is that Sammy assistants in a basic food item store.â Stokesie is a youngster who likewise works at the store, yet he is there to help his family.There are some intense young ladies that come into the store and are disapproved of by the management.â The young ladies are wearing sea shore clothing and when Lengel (the supervisor) won't serve them, Sammy stops his job.â Lengel cautions him â€Å"You’ll feel this for the remainder of your life,† (Updike) and Sammy agrees.Sammy will feel this occasion all his life.â By leaving his place of employment, he is dismissing Lengel and his white collar class, edgy attitude.â â In Sammy’s mind, the young ladies ought to have the option to come in wearing sea shore product and not be judged.â Frivolous conduct ought to be endured and not grimaced upon.â â If they are dressed to meagerly and make individuals take a gander at them, that’s okay.â They ’re young.â If men take a gander at them, that is alright too.â It’s alright to take a gander at beautiful young ladies without feeling guilty.Sammy truly grows up over the span of the story.â As Sammy leaves the store he understands â€Å"how hard the world would have been to me hereafter† (Updike).â Sammy understands that a significant part of the world is loaded up with individuals who think like Lengel, and that he will be the one to buck the system.â He isn't happy to oblige the norm, and that will make his life difficult.The Lengels of the world are simply excessively restricted to just appreciate viewing a pretty girl.â Sammy will have the option to appreciate those straightforward joys without denouncing them.In dismissing Lengel’s values, he is additionally dismissing the estimations of his family or his hover of society.â He concludes that he needs more in life than competing for a chief situation in An and P.â He alludes to the customers as â€Å"sheep† and concludes that he wouldn't like to be a sheep.The young ladies in their bathing suits basically help realize that epiphany.â Sammy has truly won by his own qualities, yet in the brains of numerous others, he has lost.â Everyone will realize that he quit.â His folks will in all probability be baffled and may think his reasons frivolous.â It is just the start of kicking the framework for Sammy.Works CitedUpdike, John.â An and P.

Sunday, July 12, 2020

Writing a Dissertation - What You Need to Know

Writing a Dissertation - What You Need to KnowWhen writing a dissertation, it is important to understand that you are not writing a thesis statement. A thesis is based on the research that you have done in your field of study. A dissertation on your dissertation is based on your previous work in your field of study.To summarize, a thesis will cover the aspects of your research, a dissertation will only touch on them in very general terms. You want to approach the task of writing a dissertation from a different angle. You should plan your topic before you begin and then look for additional sources for this topic.Before starting your research, you want to have a broad idea of the topics that interest you. Once you have an idea of what area of study you want to write a dissertation on, you can narrow down your search by looking for related work that you can use as a reference. Always make sure that you are familiar with your topic before you start your research.There are many types of r esources that can be used to help you when writing a dissertation. For example, you can visit universities in your area to see if they have a college or university library that is open to the public. This is a great place to find reference materials, such as books or websites that contain information on the topic of your dissertation. You should read books and articles that are relevant to your topic before you begin.You can also check out internet sites that offer books or journals that may provide information about your topic. Remember to make notes and take notes while you are reading these sources. Your notes will help you remember important details that you did not put into writing during your research.Make sure that you find a reliable source of information about your topic. Use the internet to do some of your research, but make sure that you are getting accurate information that is accurate. You want to be sure that you are getting the facts on your topic so that you are not misrepresenting your work.Finally, you want to decide how much time you have available to write your dissertation. If you want to complete this task within a short amount of time, you will probably want to use your own computer and use software that can help you in writing your dissertation. However, if you are going to use a book or other source that requires you to physically type up your dissertation, then you should be prepared to spend several hours researching and writing your dissertation.Once you have completed the research and written your dissertation, you should then sit down and start to edit it. The important thing to remember is that you do not want to throw away any of your research information. You should use these notes to properly prepare your dissertation.

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

The Major Goals Of Pat - 964 Words

The major goals of PAT is the design, analysis and manage of manufacturing by way of well-timed measurements of imperative excellent and quality attributes. It entails raw and in-process substances and processes with a view of assurance of quality of final product. The PAT framework includes threat administration and using at/on line sensors that support in monitoring/controlling/designing of the strategies. On this experience, a variety of analytical approaches were used within the pharmaceutical industry, including Fourier turn into infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy4, close infrared (NIR) spectroscopy5, gas chromatography6 and liquid chromatography7 additionally, the accomplishment of the legal frame involving both working stipulations and environmental safety forces the evaluation of the nice of indoor and outside air and the iteration of liquid and solid wastes. A further purpose of the analytical manipulate of wastes may also be observed in their valorization. Figure 1.1: Typical flow diagram of pharmaceutical development. 1.4 Pharmacopoeia A pharmacopoeias book is a lawfully assortment prepared by a national or regional authority of standards and with quality specifications for medicines utilized in that specific country. A high quality specification consists of a group of acceptable tests that may make sure the identity, purity and efficacy of the product. Ensure the strength or amount of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and performanceShow MoreRelatedCase Conceptualization : Silver Linings Playbook1697 Words   |  7 PagesPlaybook (Russell, director, 2012), followed the character Pat Solatano after his release from a psychiatric hospital. Pat had, after he caught his wife with another man, beat that man severely. As part of a deal with the court, he was placed in a mental health facility for treatment and was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. After his release, he was not concerned with his condition and was more preoccupied with his ex-wife, Nicki. Pat initially continued to struggle with his condition afte r hisRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Silver Linings Playbook 1122 Words   |  5 PagesIn the movie Silver Linings Playbook, we follow Pat Solitano Jr., a man recently released from a mental institution (Cohen et al., 2012). He is a Caucasian male, likely in his early to mid-thirties and of Italian descent. He was a high school history teacher, living with his wife, Nikki, an English teacher. Upon finding his wife in the shower with another man, he nearly beats the man to death leading him to be sent to a psychiatric facility for eight months with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. InRead MoreThe Long Term Goals Of The Family1156 Words   |  5 Pagesthe nurse works with them to come up with some goals. The long-term goal is that the family will implement and comply with the prescribed treatments. By complying with the prescribed treatments, it will hopefully lead to less conflict. If Pat Sr. and Pat are taking medicine and going to therapy, the conflict should decrease. The family decides with the nurse that this is a good goal to work toward for long-term benefit. Another, more immediate, goal they decide on is that the family will keep theRead More`` Silver Linings Playbook `` Essay1621 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Silver Linings Playbook† is a film about a man, Pat Solantro Jr, who after losing his wife and his job for assaulting his wife’s lover, is sent to a mental institution. After completing his court ordered minimum stay of eight months, against medical advice, his mother discharges him. The conditions of his release require him to reside with his parents in their home in Philadelphia as well as attend mandatory therapy sessions. Upon returning home Pat learns that his father, who is obsessed with theRead MoreThe Perceived Image Of Bipolar Disorder1214 Words   |  5 Pagesdifficulties of managing it, with the goal to live a normal life. In Silver Linings Playbook, Pat Solitano, a middle aged man, faces getting over a traumatic event in which he had a psychotic break. This psychotic episode occurred when he found his wife cheating on him with another man, which lead him to get very violent and almost kill the man. Because of this event, Pat was given a restraining order against his wife, who he loved very much. The mental illness Pat was diagnosed with was Bipolar DisorderRead MoreSilver Linings Playbook, An American Romantic Comedy Drama Film Directed By David O. Russell1662 Words   |  7 Pages The film received several major critical successes and earned numerous awards. It was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Adapted Screenplay. It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations, with Lawrence winning Best Actress, and three BAFTA nominations, with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay. The reason this movie draws a lot of critic’s attentions is because it accurately reflected the suffering of Pat through the struggle with hisRead MoreChallenges Faced By Spectrum Paints Company Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pages. MAJOR CHALLENGES FACING THE COMPANY Human resource management used to be considered as other conventional administrative jobs. But over a period of time, it has evolved as a strategic function to improve working environment, plan out human resource needs and strike a balance between organsation and employers in order to increase organizational productivity and meets organizational goals. Not to exaggerate but in today’s highly competitive world it has gradually become one of the most importantRead MoreProblem Solving Is The Art Of Finding Novel Ideas Solve New Or Preexisting Problems1296 Words   |  6 Pagescorrectly. Cardtronics, Inc. faced external pressures to continue producing a product better than or comparable to the Japanese electronics firm. In keeping with their founding goal of producing a quality cardiac monitor, the company has increased some of their performance goals. Management communicated the performance goals however, Team D was still short 4 units. Utilizing available down time, our team met to facilitate problem solving. In the meeting, I started by greeting the members of TeamRead MoreAnalysis Of Pat Solitano ( Bradley Cooper )1501 Words   |  7 PagesAfter eight months in a mental health facility, Pat Solitano (Bradley Cooper) is released back home with his parents. Pat realizes that he must have a new outlook on life to reconcile and be back together with his wife Nikki. He attempts to see the good (the silver linings) in all that he experiences. At dinner with his friends, Pat meets Veronica s sister Tiffany (Jennifer Lawrence). It’s evident that sparks fly between Pat and Tiffany and she tries to connect with him but Pat’s only focus isRead MoreThe Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesdepression. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 created two kinds of bipolar disorder, bipolar I and bipolar II. Bipolar I am a type of bipolar disorder marked by full manic and major depressive episode. Bipolar II is a type of bipolar disorder marked by mild manic episodes and major depressive episodes (Comer, 2016). These two types of bipolar disorders have their own dominant distinctions between manic and depressive episodes. In order to be properly diagnosed with this disorder

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Link Between Parental Control And Relational And Overt...

Link between Parental Control and Relational and Overt Aggression Samantha J. Bourque McNeese State University Link between Parental Control and Relational and Overt Aggression According to the NCES in 2005 14% of students in a high school had been reported having physical fights on school property for that year is what Larson (2010) stated after reviewing information. Aggression and its causes can result in physical violence as well as emotional violence. Interpersonal relationships can be at risk if aggression is allowed to grow. Aggression at any age can cause such issues and more, but emerging adults and adults are held most accountable for controlling one’s own aggression. Emerging adults’ level of aggression can often be†¦show more content†¦The results of the study were that it was possible to predict aggression based on media exposure and that it significantly increased aggression. The study suggests that the more educational media exposure there is to children the more aggression is shown. Where aggression is aimed and the cause behind it, are important questions to answer. A study was done on the associations of aggression toward easy or difficult targets and popularity’s role in it (Peets Hodges, 2014). 239 participants all in the sixth grade from 11 separate classrooms were asked to fill out questionnaires during school and given a small gift for participating. The questionnaires used nominating for the topics of popularity and social preference, and it asked them to rate each of the other students’ amount of aggression toward peers. They were then asked to nominate students for nonspecific target aggression. The study showed that aggression toward highly liked and disliked targets were only modestly related, but adolescents who targeted highly liked peers were seen as more popular and those who were aggressive toward disliked peers were less liked. This study suggests that the more popular the person is that an adolescent shows aggression toward the more well-liked the person showing aggression is. Relational aggression’s importance can be shown in a study done by McQuade, Achufusi, Shoulberg, and Murray†Close (2014) that discusses the role of peer status and popularity

Environmental Marketing Model of Consumer Behavior

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Marketing for Model of Consumer Behavior. Answer: Introduction Consumer behavior is defined as a buying decision of an individual and a group of individual who are affected due to multiple internal and external factors. It is concerned with the social and economic factors that affect the consumption pattern in an economy. It includes various elements like psychological, sociology, social anthropology, marketing, economics and behavioral economics. Individual characteristics play a major role while defining their behavior such as usage rate, attitude, preferences etc. the study of an individual consumer behavior helps in deciding on various factors that influences the purchasing decisions(Peter, Olson Grunert,1999). People are getting influenced by majority of factors like family, friends, reference group, society etc. they help in forming decision that is largely affecting the future decision making. The study of consumer behavior deals in all the aspect of purchasing behavior which includes the pre and post purchasing decision. It is concerned with all the persons who are involved with the decision making. Researchers has propounded that it is difficult to predict the behavior of the customer but evolution of new techniques like ethnography and consumer neuroscience are throwing light upon various new techniques of understanding consumer behavior(Solomon,2014). Understanding purchasing and consumption behavior is a major challenge for the marketers while framing the strategies. Consumer behavior is concerned with the purchase decisions. Few purchase decisions are made by the group while others are made by the group. The social factor is prevalent in the society which affects the buying decision of the consumer. The society is made up f various consumer group. The preference of each individual varies from each other. Hence society has a large impact on the buying decision of consumers (Hawkins, Best Coney, 2010; Cohen, Pham Andrade, 2008). Apple watch is a line of smart watches developed by Apple to keep a track over the fitness and health oriented capabilities with integration with IoS and other Apple product and services. The watches are available in four different variants which includes Apple watch sport, Apple watch, Apple watch Hermes and Apple watch edition (Olenick, 2015). These watches relies on a wirelessly connected Iphone to perform various functions such as calling, texting etc. the watch is compatible with the Iphone 5 or the later model and run on IoS 8.2 and later upgrade through WI-FI or Bluetooth. Apple was listed at rank 442 in the largest company by Forbes in the year 2011. It has a very tough competition on the other consumer electronic brand as it has already created a value for its product. They have unique marketing strategies to pull attention of majority of the customers. Apple watches are praised for their multiple usages and the whole industry viewed it as a revolution the apple watch has be en listed by Time as one of the 25 best innovations in the year 2014 (Williams,2015). Consumer behavior theory The theory of hierarchy helps in attaining consumer satisfaction through Maslows five part priority system. People act on the basis of the hierarchy system in accomplishing various desires. The needs structure includes physiological (survival), safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. Successful marketing plans must include awareness related to the products and they must develop the strategies on the basis of the needs. Apple watches form to be an essential part of the esteem needs. People are purchasing them in order to develop a social status. It is evident from the theory that consumer behavior must be accessed on the terms of the exiting needs (Goel, Hofman, Lahaie, Pennock Watts, 2010). Engel, Kollet, Blackwell Model This model is based on consumer move to the decision making stage after taking multiple decision about a product. Consumers in an organizations are affected b the multiple variables factors and external factors. These external influences help in making purchases. This whole process has two periods where marketer needs to put the input. Strategies need to develop according to the needs where the consumer takes interest in making a decision. Lifestyle brands are instilling desire in the mind of the consumer to make purchases (Chartrand, 2005). It takes multiple stages to make decision about a product. In case of multiple usage products like Apple watch the company has to consider the trends which are necessary to be followed in order to achieve the desired result (Vinerean, Cetina, Dumitrescu Tichindelean, 2013). There are various factors that affect the buying decision of an individual consumer. Social factors are largely affecting the being decisions of the customer. Majority of decisions depends upon the surrounding activities. Social group affects the buying decision while making a long term investment. Social pressure forces a consumer to make buying decision. These factors are causing a huge amount of impulsive buying. The majority of decision related to a product is made due to various social factors including family, reference group and status. These factors prove to be a major influence on the purchases decision. Majority of purchases are made to maintain a social status. In case of luxury good people are spending money in order to maintain a social status (Lindquist Sirgy,2009). Apple has sold million of watches across the globe making it one of the best selling smart watch. Apple watch is not only a smaller smart phone but an extension of the Smartphone making it simpler for the users to save their time efficiently. Consumer behavior is necessary to be understood while ascertaining the trends in case of Apple watches. People are being influenced by their reference group while making purchases. In case of adult category the trends has depicted that the purchases are being made due to the societal pressure in order to create self esteem. People tend to spend more money on those products which provide them utmost satisfaction. Apple watches provides with mental satisfaction which compel people to make impulsive purchases. A large amount of population is affected by the ongoing cultural trends. The social factors have a major influence on the purchase decision. People take suggestion from the peer to buy electronic gadgets (Bui, 2005). A reference group is an association of people who influence the purchase decisions. People often discuss with each other before making purchase decision. Reference group share common interest and have a strong influence on the buying decision. It is the marketers duty to find out the role of reference group that are largely affecting the purchase trends (McCarthy Perreault, 2008). Reference group includes an initiator who initiates the buying decision; the influencer is the one who influences the decision of the other person. Decision maker is the one who takes the decisions. He is the one who make the decision related to the purchases and buyer is the one who ultimately make purchases. The reference group has a large impact on the overall purchases as it helps in decision making regarding the product (Liberman, Trope Wakslak, 2007). People are taking suggestions from the group in order to make purchases of Apple watches. In case of apple watches the peer group plays a crucial role in making decision. Apple watches are purchased only due to peer influence. This has a major cause of purchases. Social networking is modern age tool used by the people to make purchases. These groups are especially forcing the other people to buy(Su Zhang,2008). The following trends are seen in the people who are seeking advice from the reference group: The purchases are influenced on the lavish goods to show a social status in front of peer group. At this stage people are more likely to spend money on goods giving utmost satisfaction. People are spending lavishly at this stage without thinking about the further consequences. Iphone watches are more popular among the youth and have a huge market in Australia. Youth are more fitness cautious and have more inclination towards the Apple watches to meet the fitness goal. They tend to spend more on the goods comprising of basis necessity like house hold items, car, furnishing etc. this particular group of people are more concerned to spend money sensibly. They only spend on luxury items if the basic needs are over. Fitness concern and easiness is another factor to influence the purchases for Iphone watches. People are becoming more fitness cautious which is driving them to make purchases for watches. However it has become a major part of the status symbol carried by almost every other person. They are likely to spend money on goods of general necessity. There major focus is to secure the future of each individual. The customer is capable of spending more time and money on goods that are necessary to secure future of their kids and family. This particular segment of buyers is more concerned with spending money on goods forming part of basic necessity. They spend money on goods including medicines health care etc. Roles and status An individual position in the society helps in describing his behavior while making decision related to a product. Person holding a supreme position in the organization is likely to spend money on goods of luxury nature. It is the duty of the marketer to understand the behavior of the individual while assuring the individual behavior. People are likely to spend more for those goods which provide then with an utmost satisfaction. Maintaining a status is the necessity of the consumers in todays world. Most of their decision is impulsive which involve spending money on goods which showcases a decent position (Chaudhuri, 2006). Apple watches are matter of status symbol which is been purchased by most of the people in order to maintain a level of status. Society plays a pivotal role in decision making. People are more likely to be influenced due to their surroundings. Apple watches have multiple usage and guarantees status symbol (Kotler, Burton, Deans, Brown Armstrong, 2015).They are being carried not only as an accessory but have multiple usages. Technology innovation has multiple impacts on people. Apple watches is one among the innovation which is becoming a necessity in the eyes of the consumers (Reynolds Olson, 2001). Application Recommendations Consumer behavior is an important aspect need to be emphasized while considering the marketing policies. Apple has been strategically working in order to create market leadership. Consumer behavior is an essential aspect of a product and service while preparing the initial model. Apple has a stringent marketing plan that has helped in controlling the market requirements. The marketing strategies are important to grab the attention of the customers. There is already an intense situation in the market with excess competition from various companies. Under such a situation it is recommended to build marketing strategies in order to continue with the strategies planning (Holbrook,1999). The product need to be customer oriented serving core purpose. Product includes the goods and services provided by the company to the target market. It is essential for a product to match the customer expectations. Apple watches are famous and have multiple usages. The company has to tap on the right customer which will enhance the overall productivity. In case of excessive competition it is recommended to focus on the core product in core product through innovative practices. Moreover apple needs to create an effective customer life cycle by focusing on innovative practice and delivering the product adding lifetime value to the customers (Jansson, Marell Nordlund, 2010). Price is the amount charged by the company to the customers. Apple watches are expensive to afford and it is necessary for the company to focus on the pricing strategies. The company needs to focus on the price structure in order to attract more customers. It is suggested to increase the perceived value of the benefit to the buyers. This will enhance the overall market share of the company. Pricing policies and strangers need to be customer oriented keeping in mind all the factors. Place is an important channel of distributing goods to the customer. People buy only goods that are easily available. Marketers have a duty to place the product correctly so that consumers can easily find out the goods. Apple watches are available easily at the electronic store and online stores. However it is advice to keep a regular stock of the watches in order to meet the continuous requirement. It is one of the important tools where the marketer has to spread information about the new product to the customers. It is necessary to communicate the idea regarding the product to increase the overall sale. The launch of apple products in the market creates a fury month before its actually being launch. It has a strong public relation team to look after the techniques to match up with the product alignment. Promotional techniques are essential for the company to seek attention of potential buyers. Online communication is necessary for the company to spread the information among the people. Apple watches have already a large market share that has helped them to spread the information about the products. Information related to the upgraded version need to be sent through the advertising channel. Social media is one of the medium used by most of the companies to spread information related to a product. Physical evidence It is the environment in which the buyer interacts with the seller. It deals with the physical environment in which the firm interacts with the seller in order to perform the service. Apple store are authentic seller of the products organized throughout Australia in order to meet out the requirements of the customer (Laros Steenkamp,2005). People are the human actors who play a major role in delivering the accurate services to the final consumer. Human resource in an organization plays a vital role in managing the majority of work. The human resource of the organization is well-trained and they carry out the duty with due care so that the consumer are finally satisfied. Process is the manner in which the goods are being delivered it the final customers. Apple is no across the globe for providing an efficient process service. Their products are made through a proper procedure that has helped them in attaining desired growth within a short period of time. However it is suggested to the company to organize an efficient delivery chain to meet out the targets on a regular basis. This will stimulate more growth opportunity in the organization. It is suggested that Apple watch is a product much in demand due to its multiple usage. Under such a condition it is advised to develop a comprehensive model to deliver goods in desired time period (Belk,2013). Conclusion Consumer behavior is one of the essential part need to be understood by the marketers in order to understand the market trends. . Consumer behavior is concerned with the purchase decisions. Few purchase decisions are made by the group while others are made by the group. The social factor is prevalent in the society which affects the buying decision. It has become necessary to find out the effective activities in order to achieve the desired goals. Apple watch is a line of smart watches developed by Apple to keep a track over the fitness and health oriented capabilities with integration with IoS and other Apple product and services. It is necessary to assimilate the consumer behavior in order to focus on future growth. References Belk, R. (Ed.). (2013).Consumer culture theory(Vol. 15). Emerald Group Publishing. Bui, M. H. (2005). Environmental marketing: A model of consumer behavior.Advances in Marketing,6(2), 20-28. Chartrand, T. L. (2005). The role of conscious awareness in consumer behavior.Journal of Consumer Psychology,15(3), 203-210. Chaudhuri, A. (2006).Emotion and reason in consumer behavior. Routledge. Cohen, J. B., Pham, M. T., Andrade, E. B. (2008). The nature and role of affect in consumer behavior. Goel, S., Hofman, J. M., Lahaie, S., Pennock, D. M., Watts, D. J. (2010). Predicting consumer behavior with Web search.Proceedings of the National academy of sciences,107(41), 17486-17490. Hawkins, D. I., Best, R. J., Coney, K. A. (2010). Consumer behavior.Implication Holbrook, M. B. (1999).Consumer value: a framework for analysis and research. Psychology Press. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Jansson, J., Marell, A., Nordlund, A. (2010). Green consumer behavior: determinants of curtailment and eco-innovation adoption.Journal of consumer marketing,27(4), 358-370. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., Armstrong, G. (2015).Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Laros, F. J., Steenkamp, J. B. E. (2005). Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach.Journal of business Research,58(10), 1437-1445. Liberman, N., Trope, Y., Wakslak, C. (2007). Construal level theory and consumer behavior.Journal of Consumer Psychology,17(2), 113-117. Lindquist, J. D., Sirgy, M. J. (2009).Shopper, buyer, and consumer behavior: Theory, marketing applications and public policy implications. Atomic Dog/Cengage Learning. McCarthy, E. J., Perreault, W. D. (2008).Basic marketing: A marketing strategy planning approach. McGraw-Hill Irwin. Olenick,D.(2015). Why the Apple Watch Launch Is One for the History Books.(Online). Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/dougolenick/2015/04/24/apple-watch-launch-is-one-for-the-history-books/#9f54da15ca36 Accessed on: 29 December 2016. Peter, J. P., Olson, J. C., Grunert, K. G. (1999).Consumer behavior and marketing strategy(pp. 122-123). London: McGraw-Hill. Reynolds, T. J., Olson, J. C. (Eds.). (2001).Understanding consumer decision making: The means-end approach to marketing and advertising strategy. Psychology Press. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: prentice Hall. Su, X., Zhang, F. (2008). Strategic customer behavior, commitment, and supply chain performance.Management Science,54(10), 1759-1773. Vinerean, S., Cetina, I., Dumitrescu, L., Tichindelean, M. (2013). The effects of social media marketing on online consumer behavior.International Journal of Business and Management,8(14), 66. Williams,R.(2015). How the Apple Watch was created.(Online).Retrieved from: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/watch/11452455/History-of-the-Apple-Watch.html Accessed on: 29 December 2016.

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Willy Loman vs. Oedipus the King Essay Example

Willy Loman vs. Oedipus the King Paper Soon enough the child ended up in the household of the childless king and queen of Corinth. As a young man he learned of his fate to kill his father and marry his mother. Fleeing his family and seeking refuge from his terrible future in a distant city-state of Thebes only brought the actualization of the forecast. Unbeknownst to Oedipus, he had killed his father on his journey and entered the bed of his mother. He lived In his relationship and as King of Thebes for many years until at last he painfully revealed the blinding truth over the course of one shocking day. Realizing what he had done, he blinds himself with the olden pins of his wardrobe and has himself banished to a far away land where he will cause nobody harm. Death of a Salesman is a modern day tragedy based on the life of Wily Loan, a New England traveling salesman in the mid sasss. Wily, the average American Joe is married to Linda Loan, a deep and caring woman, who he had two sons Biff and Happy with. The play starts out when Biff and Happy are in their twenties, and Willis sales career is on a downward spiral, with his whole family there to watch it. Wily has never had a great relationship with either of his sons, especially Biff. We will write a custom essay sample on Willy Loman vs. Oedipus the King specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Willy Loman vs. Oedipus the King specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Willy Loman vs. Oedipus the King specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Wily feels he is failing his family. Wily lives his life in a series of illusions of the past. All of these illusions are of great family, and career memories. Wily stays In these Illusions because I feel he Is too afraid to live in reality where he would be forced to examine his affair In Boston, his philosophy and all of his family and financial debts. Wily loses his Job and Is on the brink of suicide and forever failing his attempts to make his family better than average. Wily commits suicide so his family can receive the insurance check and so Biff can live a successful life without worries. I feel that both these characters life came crashing down on them, and I feel for each man and play, but more for Wily and Death of a Salesman. Wily had his reason to die, but even in the end his plan didnt work as expected. At his funeral no one except for his family and best friend Charlie showed up. He worked so hard to accomplish so little. The impact of this play was amazingly strong. I feel for this man because his life Is so common, unlike the strange and horrible life of Oedipus. He was an ordinary working Joe with a family and wife to support. As any man, Wily had big dreams, but to see them come crashing down upon him left me tit a sense of pity for the man. He seemed Like a crazy man who had lost his mind. But we all know he was Just a guy whod had It all rough and simply couldnt take It any more. Death of a Salesman hit home with us all, and that is why I feel it is the more tragic play. Aristotle and Arthur Miller have theories of tragedy in which they can be somewhat compared and contrasted. Aristotle believes that the tragic hero should be one of higher society, in which his downfall and emotions effect the lives of many people around him. Miller on the other hand believes that the tragic hero should be en of the common man, some sympathetic character that everyone can relate to, someone stuck deep in the virtues of society. Both men though feel that the character either in their mind, or publicly have a supreme pride in which must be abolished, adding to the tragedy of the tragic heros life. Both once again, feel that the tragic hero must have a sense of vigorous protest. Both Oedipus and Wily know their pain and situation but try not to realize it until it is too late. Oedipus by never believing he killed Luaus until he was shown with evidence. Wily, by never really accepting the fact he was failing his family and Job. Aristotle feels that the turning of the Gods on the characters life is what causes his downfall. Miller believes that the heros fall is blamed on something superior, not the Gods, but society in which case is like a god to Wily. The tragic hero should not be perfect, nor should he be so dull and stupid or so young as to be incapable of understanding what is happening to him, stated by Aristotle, in which Miller agrees greatly. They also both believe that the protagonist may be a victim, but he must also know and bow in total acceptance of his destruction. Aristotle believes that the tragic figure makes choices and takes actions that result in his consequences. You can strongly feel that Miller believes that some, if not most of the figures downfall is caused by his words towards others (This also is where most of the irony is in his play, why Sophocles relies mainly on dramatic irony). I feel that Millers approach to tragedy and the tragic hero prove to be most valid. I think that Aristotle approach is somewhat outdated. I believe that in the times of his life, society and the arts were based mainly on the lives of the noble, therefore never reflecting the lives or emotions of the common man. Miller gets Mathew a little of both worlds into his theories. He still follows some basic rules formed by Aristotle (as noted above), but yet changes the view of the tragic hero in ways that the common mans life is tragic, and needs to be recognized in all that it is. I enjoy that. Although societys outlook on people do change over the years, Miller was very well able to produce theories in which any man, from any time would be able to relate to. To sum it up, I feel overall tragedy must preach revolution, and that is exactly what Miller does. Both plays have a sense of true tragedy other than that of Just the tragic hero. The plots of these two plays is a good example. The very complex plot in Oedipus The King is both filled with horrible views of incest and disgust, while it also delivers a sense of pity for the character. This play includes a complete reversal in the situation of the play. This occurs in Oedipus when he begins to feel that he is the one that murdered Luaus and slept with his mother, after trying to tell himself and the country that he was not that man. That shows a sense of recognition also, in which Aristotle believes is a true element of tragedy. I feel though the more affective plot, although impel, is that of Death of a Salesman. The story starts off with the reader already realizing Wills downfall and his losing life, which brings the pity to the play. This play I think is very strong because it is full of drama all the way through, not consulting AT a reversal or recognition. Recognition Is not snows In tons play Decease Wily is Just ignorant to realize his life, in which no change occurs. That dramatically effects the plays strength. The structure in these two plays is a key element in their tragic effects towards the reader. In both Oedipus and Death of a Salesman. Leasebacks play an important role in the play. In Oedipus The King, it is through flashbacks that Oedipus realizes he is the murderer of his father, bringing the downfall on him. The flashbacks in Death of a Salesman are a lot stronger in effect towards drama, because the Wily lives his life in them. It is through flashbacks that the reader realizes the true drama and irony of both the present day actions and words of Wily. The play is illusion vs.. Laity. If this play wouldnt of been structured around Wily Living his life in the past, it would not be considered one of the greatest dramatic plays. The reader realizes the downfall of Wily and his Family through them. The transition from time periods in a lot more obvious in Death of a Salesman and a lot more important than that of Oedipus, in Oedipus The King there is a are a few scenes in which he vis its the past, while the text clearly shows the transition. In Death of a Salesman, Miller shows the transition of the past and present by a few notable things. In the present, Millers writing and tone is more serious and dark, while in the past, the tone becomes a lot more brighter and optimistic. Irony plays another key role in the success of these dramatic plays. Most of the power of Oedipus derives from dramatic irony. The reader is clued in on this in the prologue, in which is the richest in dramatic irony. In that scene, everyone concerned is still in complete darkness to the truth and their ignorance therefore causes their words and actions to carry much greater weight. In Death of a Salesman, it is that of situational irony that brings the reader closer to Wills downfall. The entire play is carried almost completely by the dialog, which is vital to the plays success. One such incident is Wills views of Biffs career track. Biff is a lazy bum! , shortly after, Wily states: Biff Loan is lost. In the greatest country in the world a young man with such -personal attractiveness, gets lost. And such a hard worker . Theres one thing about Biff-hes not lazy. (Death of a Salesman 16). Another example is when Wily wishes that cars today would have fold down windshields, They Just dont make them liked they used to Wily said. Linda soon reminds him that he told her he was driving with the windshield down on the way home from his trip. Situational irony drives this play to greatness, without it, the plot would be lost. Oedipus The King is weaker in the irony part, compared to Death of a Salesman, because in Oedipus it Just answers the questions, doesnt tell the story. The tragic man is the key role in both of these plays. Oedipus in Oedipus The King, and Wily Loan in Death of a Salesman. Through Oedipus a man is presented whose good side causes harm and whose bad side works good. Oedipus himself is one vicious irony, for his virtues devolve into virulent vices that wreak his complete destruction. Oedipus main tragic flaw was that he had a lack of knowledge, and because he thought he was doing good only to find out that what he was doing was ad. His power fell Just as quickly as he got it. Oedipus was born a helpless pawn of fate. Wily on the other hand is a far more tragic hero in Millers eyes, and somewhat in Aristotle eyes. According to Arthur Miller, The tragic feeling is invoked whenever we are in the presence of a character, any character, who is ready to sacrifice his life, IT need De, to secure one thing, Nils sense AT personal Locally Wily Loan was willing to do that no matter what the cost. This makes Wily an excellent example of Aristotle tragic hero also. Wills one tragic flaw is his lack of a grip on reality. He oldest differentiate the difference between the current time and the past. His flashbacks are a part of his everyday lifestyle, only he doesnt know that he is experiencing them, because he lacks awareness, bringing on his downfall. He died for money and most of all for the love of his family. That is where I feel the word hero in Wills life comes from, and tragic comes from the everyday struggle for Wily Loan to do two things, achieve the American Dream and be known as a great man like his father was, with everyone knowing your name. To finish it off, I feel that the common man, Wily Loan, In Death of a Salesman exceeds the tragic greatness of King Oedipus in Oedipus The King. Throughout my research on both of these Tragic plays, I have realized that the common man and his everyday struggle Just to make it through society and the changes brought by industrialization is a viewpoint that more people can really hit home with, instead of a play that seems like an episode of Jerry Springer. Death of a Salesman was filled with pity for Wily, the weak, old, struggling family man. Oedipus the King was plainly just filled with disgust. Wily Loan, the average American family Joe, and his lifestyle and family make Death of a Salesman the superior tragedy.

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Vietnam Essays (2501 words) - Vietnam War, Free Essays, Term Papers

Vietnam Essays (2501 words) - Vietnam War, Free Essays, Term Papers Vietnam Vietnam: The War We Should Have Won Essay written by Chris Styduhar The Vietnam War is one of the most disgraceful periods in American history. Not only did the greatest superpower in the world get bested by an almost third-world nation, but we lost badly. Perhaps this war could have been won, or even prevented in the first place. The United States could have and should have won this war, with a combination of better weapons usage, better tactics, and better support from their home country. Before the War Even years before the war, Vietnam was a hotly disputed territory. Many countries had taken Vietnam over, and after World War II, Vietnam was in the hands of France. Obviously, the Vietnamese wanted their own country, and their long history of being a colony prompted the oppressed people to fight for their independence in the French-Indochina war. 7 Ho Chi Min, a leader of the Communist party, organized the Vietnamese independence movement, Viet Minh. Asking for support from America first, Ho Chi Min did not want to have to turn to communist support for the freedom of his people. Since the United States viewed helping Ho gain his independence from France as a move against their own allies, they declined. It was only after Russia and China offered to help that Ho adopted communist ideals and wanted to make all of Vietnam communist. The Vietnam war started simply because Ho Chi Min and his communist supporters wanted South Vietnam to become communist after the South split off in 1954 to become its own democratic nation. The United States saw this as a threat to democracy, and using the Domino theory, successfully threw the U.S. into the one of the worst wars it has ever seen. If only the United States had looked past its petty alliances and helped another country gain its independence like we had gained ours so many years ago, this war would have been completely avoided. Unfortunately for the families of over 64,000 soldiers, it wasn't. Beginnings of a Nightmare As early as 1954, the United States started sending financial and military aid to South Vietnam, hoping to stop the spread of communism. The flow of 'military advisors' from 700 to over 14,000 1 built up steadily through John Kennedy's presidency, and after he was assassinated, Lyndon B. Johnson escalated the war to the point of no return. Johnson used the ludicrous domino theory to justify the military buildup in Vietnam. American people were so scared of communism by McCarthyism in the 1950's, that they were willing to do anything to stop communism where it started. The people of the United States let Johnson build up a huge force in Vietnam, and he was also almost unanimously backed by congress. By the end of the war, Johnson was so ashamed that he didn't even try to run for reelection. If the American populous would have stopped and thought about what they were getting themselves into and not jumped gung-ho into a frivolous war, their representatives wouldn't have felt so pressured to back Johnson. In 1964, the event every war-hungry Commie-killer was waiting for happened. In the Gulf of Tonkin, several VC torpedo boats reportedly fired on a U.S. vessel. 6 Even though the American ship sustained no damages, Johnson drafted the 'Gulf of Tonkin Resolution', which authorized him to use any force necessary to beat back the North Vietnamese. Congress never declared war or even directly authorized troops, but Johnson twisted enough words around to have his own little executive war. Early in the War At first, Johnson limited the conflict to an air war, hoping to pound away and demoralize the VC into submission. He used planes such as the B-52 bomber and the F-4 Phantom to try to win the war as quickly as possible. Unfortunately, the United States' air power had many shortcomings. The F-4 Phantom was the latest and greatest piece of technology out there during Vietnam. Manufactured by McDonnell-Douglas, this plane was capable of multiple roles, as a dogfighter, bomber, recon, and support aircraft. However, the F-4 had its share of problems. First, the engineers who designed it neglected to mount any type of gun on the F-4A through the F-4D, thinking that the Phantom's frightening compliment of

Sunday, March 1, 2020

Learn the Italian Word Quando

Learn the Italian Word Quando The English translations of quando are:  when,  once, and after. If you want to be able to ask â€Å"when† something is happening in Italian, you’re going to have to get cozy with the word â€Å"quando†. Below are a handful of examples to help you become familiar with how and â€Å"when† to use â€Å"quando†. Esempi Quando parti per l’Italia? - When do you leave for Italy? (informal)Quando torni dall’Italia? - When do you return from Italy? (informal)Quando inizia il film? - When does the movie start?Quando à ¨ il compleanno di Giulia? - When is Giulia’s birthday?Chiamami quando torni. - Call me when you return. (informal)Arrivo da te quando ho finito di lavorare/col lavoro. - I’ll come over to your house once I’m done with work. (informal)Ci vediamo stasera quando arrivi. - We’ll see each other tonight after you arrive. (informal) Common Expressions Di quando in quando - SometimesQuando vuoi - Whenever you wantQuando mai? - Since when? Pop Culture Reference Quando, quando, quando - Tony Renis

Thursday, February 13, 2020

Substitution and income effects Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Substitution and income effects - Assignment Example Therefore, an increase in the price of gasoline has various effects. The owner of the vehicle can opt to take several measures in order to remain at the same level of satisfaction (Hall & Lieberman, 2008). Considering that it is only the price of gasoline that have changed, yet the income of the consumer remains constant, the following decisions will have different income and substitution effects: You drove less and purchased less gasoline When a consumer decides to drive less and purchase less gasoline, he/she will be able to save some income. The income saved from the reduction in the gasoline purchased can make up for the budget reduction that would have occurred as a result of increased gasoline prices (Landsburg, 2011). However, the satisfaction obtained by the consumer is likely to change. This is because, the consumer can no longer travel to far off distances where he/she used to go before. This could limit the satisfaction he obtains from the travel and adventure (Hall & Lieb erman, 2008). Additionally, the reduction in the quantity of gasoline purchased limits the extent to which the basket of the consumer can be filled, since some cheaper commodities that make up his/her basket could be found some distance away. Therefore, although reducing the quantity of gasoline purchased and the consequent distance travelled can maintain the consumers purchasing power, it is likely to reduce his/her satisfaction (McEachern, 2012). You ate out less often The effects of reducing what the customer eats, is not any different. Eating out less often has the substitution effect of conserving some resources that could have been used for food, to make up for the gap created by the increased gasoline price. This is meant to maintain the customer at the same level of consumption for gasoline units, despite the change in its prices (). However, even though such a move can keep the consumer at the same levels of gasoline consumption, he/she has already lost out in the quantity of food and drinks consumed. This has the effect of reducing the satisfaction of the customer, derived from eating several times in a day (Landsburg, 2011). In making such a decision, the preference and utility derived by the consumer from eating certain units of foodstuff in a day will play a greater role (Hall & Lieberman, 2008). The consumer will make his/her shopping basket based on the preference and the utility he/she derives from them. Thus, although reducing the quantity of foodstuff consumed can maintain the purchasing power of the consumer, his/her situation could be worse off in terms of satisfaction derived from foodstuff consumption (McEachern, 2012). You spent less to maintain your automobile Where the consumer decides to reduce the money spent in maintaining the automobile to mitigate the effects of increased fuel prices, the decision can maintain his purchasing power in the short run. However, this can be detrimental in the long run, since the automobile might end up breaking down, causing more resources to be used in its repair, than would have been used in its maintenance (Hall & Lieberman, 2008). Therefore, reducing the resources used in automobile maintenance can help the consumer remain at the same consumption level as before. However, this is not sustainable since lack of maintenance worsens the condition of the automobile. This is likely to

Saturday, February 1, 2020

Writer's choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Writer's choice - Essay Example The short cuff gloves exposed the wrist to potential injury prompting players to start attaching specially molded plastic to the front part of their elbow pads to protect the lower part of their forearm (National Hockey League 9). Ideally, the evolution depicts the significance of plastic material in making hockey skates where plastic pads and fiberglass replaced leather shoulder and elbow pads to enhance protection. With a specific focus on the impact of plastics material on hockey sticks, pucks, skates, and safety, we can derive how plastics revolutionized ice hockey. Indeed, plastic has revolutionized traditional hockey sticks that were initially wooden via nanotechnologies that enhance the durability and speed of handling hockey sticks (Canadian Plastics Industry Association 1). Moreover, manufacturers use plastic material to make hockey pucks through modern technologies like vulcanization. Most specifically, plastic materials advanced hockey skates that initially had leather with metal blades (Canadian Plastics Industry Association 1). Unlike old skates, the modern skates have a protective plastic cowling made of a major polymer, high-end polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (Canadian Plastics Industry Association 1 ). Indeed, the PVC is dominant in covering the lower half of the hockey boot (Canadian Plastics Industry Association 1). Modern manufacturers of hockey skates rely on PVC polymer subject to its good insulation properties. Indeed, PVC can only start decomposing when the temperature exceeds 140 Â °C since it has a melting point of about 160 Â °C. Moreover, the polymer has a small linear expansion coefficient and good flame retardancy that enhances the sliding action of the skate blade and skating speed. This relates to its high hardness and good mechanical properties. Indeed, with a thermal coefficient of expansion of 80 x 10-6 and density of 1.38 g/cm3, PVC promotes the production of hockey skates that generate less

Friday, January 24, 2020

Pre-1600 Styles in European Art Music :: essays research papers

Pre-1600 Styles in European Art Music The "old" European attitude, and the attitude that attracts many modern performers to early music, is exactly the opposite of the modern attitude: 1. Music is a strictly local expression, rich in variety since each culture expresses affective differences through art, 2. Music is a poetic process--complex, vague, and irrational--based upon borrowed traditional musical materials (melodies, rhythms, forms, etc.), 3. Music is for a religious, elitist-class performer who can understand and appreciate its mysterious nature and power, 4. Music is played softly in intimate gatherings, 5. Music making is the activity of Everyman, exacting the talents of variously trained amateurs who, with industry and practice, decorate their recreation and leisure in moments of social intercourse. In terms of the technical differences between the art music of early times and that of the modern period (i.e., after 1600) we can identify five specific features that make post-1600 styles in music sound more or less "familiar." 1. Wide-ranging, dynamically expressive tonal melodies are played in equal temperament and generated from logical tonal harmonic progressions. 2. A simple, isometric, and restricted rhythmic range is used. 3. The texture is homophonic, that is, a principal melody line with accompaniment. 4. Clear periodic formal structure is favored. 5. The instrumentarium is restricted and standardized. On the other hand, the pre-1600 styles in European art music are based upon the following features: 1. Narrow-ranging, dynamically restrained modal melodies are played in a variety of tuning temperaments that generate an "illogical" modal harmonic succession. 2. An unrestricted range of multimeters, polymeters, and complex rhythms are used. 3. A texture of two or more independent and equally important melodies accompany one another (i.e., polyphony). 4. The formal construction is often vague and unclear. 5. The instrumentarium is unrestricted and nonstandardized. Early music is chamber music par excellence. Superstar conductors, dramatic symphonic music, and large-scale virtuosic genres such as the concerto, opera, oratorio, and ballet belong to a later period and a different aesthetic. Early music involves a decidedly intimate approach to music making: the performers are equal partners who understand the science of composition and do much more than merely interpret the music of others--they recompose it during rehearsals and performances. In this regard, early music may be considered performer oriented (similar to jazz or Indian classical music). The performer thinks of himself or herself as a "student" (a Liebhaber, i.e., "lover") of music, and must be able to play several different instruments as well as sing.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Behavior Changes Essay

Behavioral changes and strategies can be taken in consideration in order to control obesity. Monitoring of food/calorie intake and changes in general eating habits may help control obesity (CDC, 2007). Change in physical activities like decreased television time and more time spent outside, engagement in sports activity to enhance and promote weight loss (Wolf et al, 1985). It can also be noted that parent participation is essential in order for any program for children to work as it was noted by Epstein et al (1987) that behaviorally based therapies that include parents are essentially more effective. Graves, Meyers, and Clark (1988) in their studies used problem-solving drills in a parent-child behavioral program and established that children who are in the problem-solving group, but not those in the behavioral treatment-only group, considerably reduced percentage of overweight and continued reduced weight for at least six months. Problem-solving training involved identifying possible weight-control problems and, as a group, discussing solutions. †¢ Diet Management Extreme weight loss solutions like fasting or heightened calorie reduction is not advisable for children in the sense that such moves might hinder the normal progression of growth in the child in question (CDC, 2007). It can also be mentally stressful for the child to be deprived of the normal eating habits and may hinder growth. A good knowledge of nutrition maybe a good thing to possess and consultations with a dietitian maybe considered in order to accurately know the right way to go in dieting and reducing weight especially if a child is involved. †¢ Increased Physical Activity Increase physical activities like engaging in sports or simply adapting a more active lifestyle may be a good predictor in reducing and ultimately avoiding obesity (CDC, 2007). A good exercise program if followed routinely is known to be a good way to eliminate fat and increase energy not only in children but in adults as well. One may opt to start more slowly; little changes can be done in order to increase activity, to increase outdoor playing time and activities with their guardians or parents to encourage them. And adapt a fun and enjoyable outdoor activity that can encourage the child to doing more of it rather than sit idly in front of the television or play video/computer games for hours on end. Extreme Obesity For extreme cases of obesity several pharmacological treatments and intervention are available. Pharmacotherapy is suggested for individuals with a BMI equal or greater than 30 kg/m2 or with a BMI equal or greater than 27 kg/m2 but with two or more weight related illnesses like coronary artery disease or diabetes or sleep apnea and who is not able to lose weight satisfactorily with the more conservative approaches (NHLBI, 1998). There are two drugs of choice either sibutramine (Meridia) or orlistat (Xenical), these are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the induction and maintenance of weight loss (Yanovsky & Yanovsky, 2002)

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Definition Overview of Supply Chain Integration Free Essay Example, 4000 words

From the study, the authors obtained some valuable results to describe the relationship between integration and performance. They identified that the integration of the Bahman Group s logistics was positively linked to the firm s operational performance. The information technology capabilities between the Bahman Group and its suppliers were positively influenced by the logistics integration. Similarly, information sharing between the Bahman Group and its suppliers notably improved the logistics integration. They found that the long-term relationship with suppliers assisted the organization to strengthen its information technology operations with suppliers. In addition, the long-term supplier relationships also benefited the firm to improve information sharing with suppliers. The case of the Bahman Group indicates that there is a positive connection between long-term supplier relationships, information integration, logistics information, and operational performance. The case also ill ustrates the need for integrating material flow in support of information integration. The Bahman Group s material flows from suppliers will be facilitated by information flows from customers. In other words, the company s demand chain would be able to strengthen its supply chain performance under an integrated supply chain system. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition & Overview of Supply Chain Integration or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page